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Northwood
In October 2001 the Athlon XP regained a clear lead for AMD, but in January 2002 Intel released Pentium 4s with their new Northwood core at 2.0 and 2.2 GHz. Northwood combined an increase in the secondary cache size from 256k to 512k with a transition to a new 0.13 micrometre (130 nm) process technology. By making the chip out of smaller transistors, it could run faster and yet consume less power. Unfortunately for many consumers, the new core also made upgrades impossible due to the requirement of a new socket (socket 478), though some of the later Willamettes were produced with this socket.
With Northwood, the P4 came of age. The battle for performance leadeship remained competitive (as AMD introduced faster versions of the Athlon XP) but most observers agreed that the fastest Northwood P4 was usually a fraction ahead of its rival. This was particularly so in the northern summer of 2002, when AMD's changeover to a 0.13 nanometre (130 nm) production process was delayed and the P4s in the 2.4 to 2.8 GHz range were clearly the fastest chips on the market.
A 2.4 GHz P4 was released in April 2002, a 2.53 GHz part in May (at which point the bus speed was increased from the original 400MHz to 533MHz), 2.6 and 2.8 GHz parts in August, and a 3.06 GHz Pentium 4 arrived in November.
The 3.06 GHz processor supported Hyper-threading (first appeared in Xeon), enabling multiple threads to be run together by duplicating some parts of the processor in order to let the operating system believe that there are two logical processors.
In April 2003, Intel launched new variants, ranging from 2.4 to 3.0 GHz. The key difference on these new versions was that they all supported Hyper-Threading, and ran their system buses at 800 MHz. This was supposedly to compete better with AMD's Hammer line of processors. However, only Opteron was launched, and AMD initially refused to provide an AGP controller, thus preventing the Opteron from encroaching on the Pentium 4's territory. AMD did boost the Athlon XP's bus speed from 333 MHz to 400 MHz, but it wasn't enough to hold off the new 3.0 GHz P4. A 3.2 GHz variant was launched in June and a final 3.4GHz version was launched in early 2004.
MfG Max
---> WENN DU EIN BOARD MIT SOCKET 478 HAST -> NULL PROBLEMO!
